Magnitude of atmospheric CO2 perturbations versus approximate time scales for various geological events and periods and Sea surface water pH relative to the pH during the early PETM.

Fig. A1. Magnitude of atmospheric CO₂ perturbations versus approximate time scales for various geological events and periods. After Fig. 2 of Sugie and Yoshimura (2011). Data for the K/Pg and P/T boundaries from Henehan et al. (2019) and Clarkson et al. (2015) were added. 

Fig. A2. Sea surface water pH relative to the pH during the early PETM (ΔpH; 0 to 60 ky from the onset of the PETM; Babila et al., 2018). The paleogeographic map was generated using the ODSN website [URL2].