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Manipulative therapy-induced changes in tissue blood flow and muscle stiffness

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posted on 2024-10-03, 06:42 authored by Rin Hirasawa, Mikie Nakabayashi, Yasuhiro Matsuda, Yumie Ono

We measured local tissue blood flow and muscle stiffness in the upper trapezius muscle as well as blood pressure and heart rate (HR) in the whole body to investigate the effects of Manipulative therapy (MT) interventions.

Diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS) system, which was developed in our laboratory, was used to measure blood flow index (BFI) as local tissue blood flow non-invasively. Other measurement devices are explained in the description of the tables below.

We measured blood flow, heart rate and blood pressure simultaneously for a continuous period of 27 minutes. During this 27-minute period, the participants rested for 2 minutes lying in the prone position, followed by 5 minutes of MT, and then again for 20 minutes of rest. Notably, MT was exclusively performed on the right shoulder (MT side), while the left shoulder served as the control (CT side). Muscle stiffness was also measured before and after 27 minutes of measuring blood flow, heart rate and blood pressure. At the end of the experiment, skin thickness was measured.

All of the above measurements were taken at specific measurement points in the upper trapezius muscle. The measurement points were set at the midpoint between the spinous process of the seventh cervical vertebra and the acromion of the scapula in both sides.


  

Table 1 Participant information

A list of each participant's sex, age at the time of the experiment, and adipose layer thickness [cm] at the measurement site. Adipose layer thickness was assessed using a compact high-resolution ultrasonic diagnostic device (LS MUS-P0301-L75, FujikinSoft).


Table 2 Time series data of HR 

The data of heart rate (HR) [bpm] measured every minute for 27 minutes in each participant, using a blood pressure monitor (TangoM2, 99-0088-40, SunTech Medical), by the oscillometric method in non-exercise mode with the cuff placed on the left arm. Data is sampled every minute. In this data, 1~2 minutes is the rest period before MT, 3~7 minutes is the MT intervention time, and 8~27 minutes is the rest period after MT.


Table 3 Time series data of MAP

The data of mean arterial pressure (MAP) [mmHg] measured every minute for 27 minutes in each participant, using a blood pressure monitor (TangoM2, 99-0088-40, SunTech Medical), by the oscillometric method in non-exercise mode with the cuff placed on the left arm. Data is sampled every minute. In this data, 1~2 minutes is the rest period before MT, 3~7 minutes is the MT intervention time, and 8~27 minutes is the rest period after MT.

  

Table 4 Tissue stiffness 

The data of muscle stiffness [N/m] measured before and after MT (preMT and postMT) at the same measurement points on MT and CT side for each participant. Muscle stiffness was evaluated using a digital palpation device (MyotonPro, Myoton). The measurement was automatically repeated five times, and the average value was taken as the muscle stiffness.


Table 5 Time series data of BFI (3 cm between the probes on the CT side)

The data of blood flow index (BFI) [×10-9 cm2/s] measured at a source-detector distance of 3 cm on the CT side. The BFI data was measured every second for each participant. Data is sampled every second. In this data, 1~120 seconds is the rest period before MT, 121~420 seconds is the MT intervention time, and 421~1621 seconds is the rest period after MT.


Table 6 Time series data of BFI (1cm between the probes on the MT side)

The data of BFI [×10-9 cm2/s] measured at a source-detector distance of 1 cm on the MT side. The BFI data was measured every second for each participant. Data is sampled every second. In this data, 1~120 seconds is the rest period before MT, 121~420 seconds is the MT intervention time, and 421~1621 seconds is the rest period after MT.



Table 7 Time series data of BFI (3 cm between the probes on the MT side)

The data of BFI [×10-9 cm2/s] measured at a source-detector distance of 3 cm on the MT side. The BFI data was measured every second for each participant. Data is sampled every second. In this data, 1~120 seconds is the rest period before MT, 121~420 seconds is the MT intervention time, and 421~1621 seconds is the rest period after MT.


Table 8 Time series data of rBFI (3 cm between the probes on the CT side)

The relative blood flow index (rBFI) data measured at a source-detector distance of 3 cm on the CT side. Data is sampled every second. In this data, 1~120 seconds is the rest period before MT, 121~420 seconds is the MT intervention time, and 421~1621 seconds is the rest period after MT. The rBFI was calculated from the data shown in Table 5 by normalizing the BFI for the entire measurement time by the average value of the BFI for the rest period before MT (1~120 seconds) for each participant.


Table 9 Time series data of rBFI (1 cm between the probes on the MT side)

The rBFI data measured at a source-detector distance of 1 cm on the MT side. Data is sampled every second. In this data, 1~120 seconds is the rest period before MT, 121~420 seconds is the MT intervention time, and 421~1621 seconds is the rest period after MT. The rBFI was calculated from the data shown in Table 6 by normalizing the BFI for the entire measurement time by the average value of the BFI for the rest period before MT (1~120 seconds) for each participant.


Table 10 Time series data of rBFI (3 cm between the probes on the MT side)

The rBFI data measured at a source-detector distance of 3 cm on the MT side. Data is sampled every second. In this data, 1~120 seconds is the rest period before MT, 121~420 seconds is the MT intervention time, and 421~1621 seconds is the rest period after MT. The rBFI was calculated from the data shown in Table 7 by normalizing the BFI for the entire measurement time by the average value of the BFI for the rest period before MT (1~120 seconds) for each participant.     


Funding

Elucidation of the medical effect to manipulative therapy by visualizing muscle blood flow

Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

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Corresponding author email address

hsmelab@gmail.com

Copyright

© 2024 Rin Hirasawa, Mikie Nakabayashi, Yasuhiro Matsuda and Yumie Ono

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